In recent years, with the continuous development of green building technology, building energy-saving market continues to improve, also driving the environmental protection and energy-saving technology to upgrade faster, what are the main building energy-saving technology in the market?
01
High-efficient thermal insulation exterior wall system
The fatal disadvantage of the building's internal thermal insulation is that it can not avoid the cold bridge, and it is easy to form condensed water and destroy the wall, external wall thermal insulation and decorative dry hanging technology are the best way of external wall thermal insulation.
External thermal insulation form can effectively form building thermal insulation system, achieve better thermal insulation effect, reduce the production of Thermal bridge. Secondly, the air layer between the insulation layer and the exterior surface can form effective natural ventilation, so as to reduce the air conditioning load and save energy and eliminate moisture protection insulation materials. Finally, the external surface has a pendant fixed, non-adhesive, no fall injury risk.
Advantage:
1. The heat preservation effect is obvious. The thermal insulation material is placed on the outside of the outer wall of the building to basically eliminate the"Thermal bridge" effect of each part of the building, thus giving full play to the efficiency of the lightweight and high-efficiency thermal insulation material, compared with the internal thermal insulation of the outer wall and the sandwich thermal insulation wall, it can use thinner thermal insulation material to achieve higher energy-saving effect.
2. Protect the principal structure. The thermal insulation layer on the outside of the building greatly reduces the influence of the natural temperature, humidity and ultraviolet rays on the main structure. The vertical thermal expansion and contraction of buildings may cause the cracking of some non-structural components in buildings, and the external thermal insulation technology can reduce the temperature stress in the structure.
3, is advantageous to the improvement indoor environment. External insulation can increase indoor thermal stability. To a certain extent, it can prevent the erosion of rain on the wall, improve the moisture-proof performance of the wall, and avoid the phenomenon of condensation and mildew, thus creating a comfortable indoor living environment.
4. Expand your home space. Compared with the internal thermal insulation, the use of external thermal insulation wall per household area increased by about 1.3-1.8 m.
5, easy to enrich the facade. In the construction of external thermal insulation, but also can make use of polystyrene board concave near or protruding wall lines, and other shapes of decorations, not only construction convenient, but also enrich the building facade.
02
Efficient door and window system and construction technology
The external window insulation system consists of the following three parts: The Broken Bridge aluminum alloy window frame, insulating glass, window frame and window hole connection The Broken Bridge node processing technology.
The Broken Bridge aluminum-alloy insulating glass windows are installed on the external windows. Meanwhile, air leakage and cold air penetration are reduced by improving the installation accuracy of the windows and installing sealing strips.
The use of high-performance windows and doors, glass performance is critical. High-performance glass products than ordinary insulating glass insulation performance is one to several times higher. For example, the thermal conductivity of Low-E insulating glass coated on one side is about 1.7 w/m2 · K, and its thermal insulation performance is twice as high as that of ordinary insulating glass. The U value of the new type of insulating and energy-saving glass in Germany reaches 0.5, than ordinary 900px brick wall plus 150px polystyrene insulation layer insulation effect is better.
03
Thermal Bridge block tectonics
The Thermal Bridge is a shortcut for heat transfer, which not only causes considerable heat and cold loss, but also causes local condensation, especially after the thermal insulation performance of the external walls and windows of the building has been greatly improved, the problem is becoming more prominent.
Therefore, in the design and construction, it is necessary to adopt certain thermal insulation methods, such as window holes, balcony board, protruding ring beams, and structural columns, to block their thermal bridges, so as to achieve better thermal insulation and energy-saving effect and increase comfort.
Thermal Bridge blocking technology in foreign countries has excellent technology and a wide range of applications, such as the elimination of balcony floor cold bridge structure, Germany has a very mature products, such as "Rebar insulation materials buried parts". This product in the construction of embedded concrete floor, construction is simple, the effect is very good. The domestic completely has the ability to develop this kind of product, also can have the very good market reflection.
04
Shading system: external shading facilities
External shading is the most effective sunshade facilities, it will directly 80% of the solar radiation heat shielded in the outdoor, effectively reducing the air-conditioning load, saving energy.
Combined with the architectural form, some form of adjustable external sunshade is installed in the south and west directions, which can be adjusted according to the use condition. And can further install light, temperature sensor and electric actuator to achieve intelligent automatic control, in the absence of indoor and outdoor temperature and sunshine intensity can automatically adjust the shading facilities, in order to reduce the impact of solar radiation, saving energy.
Outside shading system more traditional for the shutter outside shading system, in the summer when the strong sunshine will roll down, can effectively block the sun.
At present, the more advanced is the external shading system made of toughened glass glass.
External shading system structure (from outside to inside)
1,12mm thick sliding translucent toughened glass sun visor panels;
Air Layer;
3, exterior wall coating, heat preservation and structure;
4. Outside window system.
The matching benefits of toughened glass and insulating glass
Insulating glass is characterized by allowing the energy of sunlight to enter the interior, but the interior heat does not escape to the outside, which is extremely beneficial in winter, summer will be too high room temperature problem. When sunlight hits the matte finish of the toughened glass, it causes a diffuse reflection that blocks heat from the outside. The combination of toughened glass and insulating glass insulates the vast majority of the summer sun and heat from the outside world.
Inside shading facilities
Compared with the outside shading, the inside shading is less effective, but for residential buildings, whether from the perspective of privacy or anti-glare perspective is necessary. At the same time, it can improve indoor comfort, reduce air conditioning load and beautify indoor environment.
05
House respiratory system
Ecological ventilation technology and the concept of"House breathing":
At present, the European use of residential power ventilation system there are two main.
One is the door and window + kitchen exhaust fan ventilation system. This kind of construction cost is cheap, the installation is simple, the disadvantage is the noise interference, the ventilation effect is not ideal.
The other is the external wall ventilation equipment + toilet outlet + roof exhaust fan ventilation system. While filtering the air and reducing the noise, the indoor ventilation is ensured scientifically and reasonably, and the damp and dirty air in the toilet is discharged, and the noise interference is small.
How it works and what it does:
The fresh air from the high altitude was filtered, dusted, sterilized, heated/cooled, humidified/dehumidified, and sent out continuously from the air supply outlet at the bottom of the room at a low speed of 0.3 meters per second, below the room temperature of two degrees of fresh wind, in the ground to form a new trend, layer upon layer, slowly rise, take away the human body indoor dirty gas, finally, through the exhaust vent discharge. Effective regulation of indoor air humidity, so that the bedroom always keep dry, comfortable state, the wet air in summer has a strong dehumidification effect. No need to open a window can get fresh air, reduce indoor heat loss, save energy. Remove potentially long-lasting harmful gases from interior decoration.
Three Principles of fresh air system
Principle 1: define a ventilation path. Fresh air from the cleaner air into the area, from the dirty discharge. General Dirty Air from the bathroom, bathroom and kitchen discharge, and fresh air from the living room, bedroom and other areas into.
Principle two: define the ventilation volume. In order to meet people's daily work, rest needs of fresh air. According to the national ventilation standard, each person must be guaranteed 30 cubic meters per hour.
Rule three: define ventilation time. Ensure the continuity of fresh air, 365 days a year, 24 hours a day continuous ventilation.
06
Green roof system: Green Roof Technology
In this regard, the mature green roof technology abroad, suitable for different conditions, different plant growth structure. For example, under normal conditions, can plant some viable, low-cost, no management of plants, such as grass, bryophytes; Or planting ornamental effect is good, need regular maintenance and the soil thickness of higher requirements of plants, so that with seasonal changes in the form of different landscape effects.
This structure, on the one hand to meet the different requirements of plant growth, to solve the problems of water storage and ventilation; So as to improve the comfort of living.
07
Roof rainwater system
Siphon rainwater system is an advanced roof drainage system in the world. It has been 20 years since its birth. It has been widely used in various complex roof engineering.
The siphon rainwater system makes use of the potential energy difference of different height to make the local vacuum in the pipeline system.
08
Community intelligent system
"One, two, three" of the intelligent system of the community:
A platform: Community Intelligent System Integrated Management Network platform;
Two Foundations: Control Network and Information Network;
Three branches: security system, equipment management system and information management system.
The intelligent system of residential district is advanced, developed and supported, which can meet and adapt to the needs of the residents, and has mature and reliable application, with easy integration, expansion, operation and maintenance of the products, at the same time, with the principle of reducing the overall cost of the system as much as possible, the management integration of equipment, function and information of each subsystem can be realized through computer network and other related technologies. To make it an interconnected, unified and coordinated system with full sharing of system resources in order to reduce the waste of resources and the duplication of investment in hardware equipment, it is convenient, safe, practical and reliable to realize the real meaning.
09
Ceiling heating and cooling system
The high performance engineering plastic pipe was laid in the concrete floor. The water temperature of the water inlet was 33 ° C in winter, 30 ° C in return, 18 ° C in summer and 21 ° C in return, the indoor temperature is constant from 20 ° C to 26 ° C.
In winter, the floor will give off heat of 28 ° C to 29 ° C evenly. The indoor temperature makes people feel warm and comfortable. The temperature of human body is about 30 ° C, so there is no sense of baking Summer floor temperatures of 19 ° C to 24 ° C can take too much heat out of the room.
Radiation is the largest form of heat exchange between human beings and the environment, and about half of the heat is emitted from the head. Ceiling heating system in the form of top radiation heating and cooling, than the ordinary way more healthy, comfortable and effective. The technology was used in Beijing's Wanguo City. When conducting indoor temperature tests at heights of 0.5 m, 1.0 m and 1.5 m from the roof, the difference in temperature is between 0.2 ° C and 0.3 ° C, which is not easily detected by the human body, therefore, low-temperature radiation heating and cooling is the most comfortable way in the current civil buildings.
Ceiling heating and cooling system advantages:
1, winter and summer dual-use heating and refrigeration;
2. The life of the system material is as long as that of the building
3, do not rely on outdoor chassis, will not damage the building appearance;
4, the medium of heat and cold exchange is water, green environmental protection;
5, radiation emission of temperature regulation, no wind, no air influenza;
6, the system itself can automatically adjust the indoor temperature;
7, heating and refrigeration and fresh air replacement system completely separated, healthy and efficient;
8. Radiation Heating and refrigeration have high efficiency and uniform temperature;
9, from top to bottom radiation way more comfortable does not occupy indoor effective use area;
10, the system set in the ceiling concrete, do not occupy indoor insight;
11, radiation temperature is lower than the human skin temperature, there will be no baking feeling.
10
Solar Systems
The use of solar energy can generally be divided into two categories: solar collectors and photovoltaics power generation. The technology of solar collector is mature, and the price of equipment and material is not expensive, so it has certain application.
11
Ground source heat pump system
Ground-coupled heat pump units can be used as air-conditioning system heating in winter and cooling in summer, and provide domestic hot water. It is to take advantage of the relatively stable temperature of the underground soil, rock and groundwater, to import a small amount of high-grade energy (such as electricity) , through buried underground pipeline system and soil, rock and groundwater heat exchange, in summer, the heat in the building is carried out through indoor refrigeration, some of which is used to provide free domestic heat and the rest is stored underground, in winter, low-grade heat energy stored underground is transported out by heat pump to provide heating to buildings and domestic hot water.
The energy consumption of ground-source coupled heat pump is very low, only 25% ~ 35% of that of conventional system. It consists of water cycle, heat exchanger, ground-source heat pump unit, air conditioning terminal and control system.
12
Combined heat, power and cooling system
Cogeneration is the use of coal or gas to produce primary steam to generate electricity from a steam turbine to provide electricity, at the same time, the low-grade waste heat, i. e. secondary steam and high-temperature flue gas, are fully recovered to provide domestic heat, heating in winter and providing power for single-or double-effect lithium bromide refrigerators to provide cooling in summer, to achieve cold, heat, electricity co-generation.
The practical efficiency of large-scale fossil-fuel power station is only about 36% , while the practical efficiency of cogeneration projects can reach about 60% ~ 80% .
13
Vav Air Conditioning System
Vav system is a kind of air conditioning system with high comfort and low energy consumption, which is composed of variable frequency air conditioning and Vav terminal equipment.
VAV systems have a number of advantages over conventional systems: all the energy-consuming devices in the system can output variable-frequency regulated energy, even at low loads, it can also work in higher efficiency by frequency conversion regulation and save a lot of energy.
In the system each room may start and stop independently and the adjustment temperature, and mutually does not affect, has created the extremely high comfortable degree to the user. Frequency conversion technology is in the building air conditioning load demand changes (such as indoor personnel, outdoor temperature, solar radiation intensity changes) through the water chillers, water pumps, the fan and other equipment to carry on the frequency conversion adjustment to reduce the energy output to adapt to the load demand. Its overall energy-saving effect can reach 30% ~ 40% .
14
Floating Construction Technology
Eliminate floor noise, floating floor technology:
In order to solve the problem of sound transmission caused by floor impact, "Floating floor" structure (Schwimmendeestrich) is widely used in German residential ground. That is, a layer of sound insulation material is laid on the floor of the structure, and a 6-200px layer of concrete mortar is poured on top of it. This floor seems to float on the insulating layer, separating it from the floor and the surrounding walls, so as to achieve excellent sound insulation effect.
15
Reclaimed Water Utilization System
The reclaimed water treatment system is to treat domestic waste water, cooling water, production waste water and other water sources that have been discharged to meet the national standard for the quality of miscellaneous water, it is then reused for toilet flushing, lawn irrigation, car washing, industrial circulating water and cleaning water. Making full use of the limited water resources, replacing the same amount of tap water and lightening the operation load of urban Sewage Treatment, is a good deed that benefits the country and the people for the benefit of future generations.
16
Drainage Noise Treatment System
The general types of house-to-house noise are as follows:
1. Outdoor noise is transmitted to the interior through external walls and windows;
2. Noise from upstairs activities entering the downstairs through the floor;
3. Noise generated by running water hitting the wall of a sewer pipe.
Solution:
1. The outside shading system and the outside window system can effectively block the outside noise;
2. The floor mat adds the sound-proof mat below, prevents the upstairs to transmit the indoor noise;
3. Drainage noise treatment system;
Drainage noise system
One-layer drainage: one-layer drainage system from Europe, has been 40 to 50 years of history, although the Chinese market has not long, but the rapid development, in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong have more applications. The drainage branch pipe and the main drainage branch pipe of the same floor do not cross the floor, and are connected to the main drainage riser in the same floor.
Split-level drainage: drainage branch pipe through the floor, in the lower residents on the ceiling connected to the riser.
System composition: 1, HDPE pipeline system. Hidden system installation components. 3. The sanitary ware matched with the drainage of the same floor. 4. Water Trap.
The advantages of a single-storey drainage system over a conventional one-storey drainage system are as follows:
1, sound insulation: the use of wall installation, false wall can play a sound insulation and enhance the visual effect of the role.
Independence: in the bathroom, pipes do not cross the floor, enjoy the real property rights of independence, even if the maintenance does not need cross-floor repair.
3, freedom: room type design and indoor space layout more flexible, just adjust the drainage branch pipe, you can achieve personalized decoration.
4. Water-saving: adopt HDPE pipe with smooth inner surface and unique water tank design, improve the drainage effect of the system, realize the real water-saving function.
5, Economy: using the same layer drainage technology, greatly reduce the system of force pipe, branch pipe and accessories, less materials and construction, cost-effective.
6. Reliable Connection: the PE pipe chosen is hot-melt connection, which not only has high connection strength, but also avoids leakage and ensures safe use for 50 years.
17
Central dust removal system
The concept of a central dust removal system is to separate the main unit from the suction area and discharge the filtered air outside. This not only solves the problem of poor indoor hygiene, but also eliminates the secondary pollution after dust removal.
Principle: the central dust removal system is to dust the host placed in a lower health requirements of the place, such as: underground equipment layer, garage, cleaning room, etc. , outside the wall, there is only a vacuum socket about the size of an ordinary power outlet. When cleaning needs to be done, just insert a hose into the vacuum port. At this time, the system automatically starts the host computer switch, all the dust, paper scraps, cigarette butts, harmful microorganisms, and even the bad smell of smoke in the room are sent to the central collection station through a tightly sealed pipe.
Any person, at any time can carry out all or part of the cleaning, ensuring the cleanest indoor environment. The cleaning capacity of the central dust removal system is 5 times that of the general vacuum cleaner, and the length of the hose can be optional. This kind of system is necessary in European and American countries, and has been used in many projects in China.
18
Food waste disposal system
Food waste, which occupies a large proportion in municipal waste, not only affects the indoor environment, but also is the source of pest breeding and disease transmission.
Food waste treatment system is a purely imported product, only in the early 1990s by a small number of foreign manufacturers introduced to China.
Food waste disposal systems have been used in many high-end decorated houses in the city, including Fengshang International, Vanke, Olympic Garden, Huaxin International and Zhujiang Imperial View. Every day a large amount of food waste is generated through the kitchen sink drain installed under the food waste disposal, directly into the septic tank.
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